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Probaway – Life Hacks

~ Many helpful hints on living your life more successfully.

Search results for: unknowns

Failure to see unknown unknowns – voluntary blindness

04 Wednesday Dec 2013

Posted by probaway in research

≈ 2 Comments

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Methods for searching the unknown, Voluntary blindness

Why do people fail to see what is readily available to be seen? Failure to see known knowns, that is, those things that are known to be known to other people, and can be easily known to oneself, is voluntary blindness. That may appear to be a bad thing, but it’s a very good thing. There is so very much to be easily discovered in our personal lives and on the internet that we need to have filters to protect us from nearly all of it. Our daily lives are overloaded with information, and most of what is around us and readily available isn’t needed at the moment and is best ignored. I don’t need to be thinking about my winter jacket hanging in the closet, or many other personal items which at some proper time are important to be attended to. The Venetian blinds are closed, but if one of the louvers was misaligned and open it would be distracting. I own that louver, I am responsible as to how it is positioned at this moment, and yet I have never thought about it as an individual. Every particle of my house is legally mine, and yet I hopefully will never become aware of them as individuals, and will only relate to them in aggregate. Almost everything about my house, my body, in fact my whole universe I think about in simple categorical aggregates and there is a great deal about these existing physical things which I could know if I chose to know, but don’t.

It is a voluntary choice not to know nearly everything that could be known, even those things which can easily be known. We live in a world of self-imposed blindness. When we approach the subject of unknown unknowns, and unknown and probably unknowables there arises the reasonable question, “Why bother?” The hundred billion people that have existed decided not to bother with nearly all of the things around them. It is difficult enough coping with the problems confronting us using known facts and habitual responses to them, and it is generally a waste of time and effort even googling a problem to discover what other people thought. Just muddling through is quick and easy and usually works, or doesn’t and then we deal with that new problem. Looking for unknown unknowns among the infinitely larger category of unknowable unknowns takes too much effort. That unknowns do exist is obvious, and that multiple infinities of fantasy knowables lurking in the unknown also exist is obvious too, so even pausing to think “Why bother?” is a waste, so let’s move on to something important. To bother with unknown unknowns is a profound fool’s enterprise. Perhaps it isn’t insane, but it is a waste of time.

So far as I know no one has intentionally gone searching into the unknown by first exploring all of the factors which prevent seeing past the camouflage, the veils, the walls, the fog, the time, space, energy and matter that prevent us from seeing. Some explorers just head out, some have a theory based on experience, some have a mental construct how they think things ought to be. But I, silly fool that I am, am beginning by generating a field of inquiry that seeks not to find things directly, but to first find those things which prevent us from finding things.

The search for unknown unknowns will have its greatest feast in humans.

30 Saturday Nov 2013

Posted by probaway in research

≈ 2 Comments

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Methods for searching the unknown

While considering the various camouflages of the unknown unknowns, such as natural ones like veils, walls and fogs, there continually arises the human element in how these things should be dealt with. Physical science has direct ways of approaching closer to unknown realities, and generally the approach of developing more powerful searching instruments has proved fruitful. The CERN particle accelerator has given a window into subatomic particles, and deep space has offered even higher energies for research, but as sophisticated as that type of research is, the approach is the application of keen intellects and lots of money.

When dealing with the hiding techniques used by natural DNA systems the problem becomes one of carefully exploring and observing the hundreds of millions of life forms and carefully observing their techniques for hiding from their predators and of hiding from their prey. This becomes coupled with the co-evolution of new techniques for hiding with the responsive techniques for perceiving through the new techniques. There becomes a race between the practitioners of these two systems, which often becomes so sophisticated and bi-polar that all other species are squeezed out of the competition in that dimension. When that happens there must be developed other techniques for balancing the opponents. Sometimes the final factor will be when the prey becomes so vulnerable to the search techniques that it is brought near to extinction, but when that limit is approached the prey becomes so rare that they can no longer be the primary food source for the predator, and new sources of energy must be sought by both parties that permits the prey to survive.

It would seem reasonable to suppose that considering the vast number of species to have lived that there are more techniques for evasion and for countering evasion than have been discovered. It is important to discover as many of these as possible, because behind any and perhaps all of those techniques for obscuring reality there lies a reality that may be discovered by us humans and put to new and useful purposes. Thus it is that a careful study of all living things, and their techniques for distorting reality, must be pursued. For these organisms it is a life and death struggle, and they have had a billion years to perfect their game. Of course the discovery of a technique has an element of chance associated with it, but with such multitudes of experiments being performed every second since the advent of life, there must have been a great many success stories. The discovery of these successes will be a great success for us too.

Then of course we come to human techniques for hiding their intentions, and this is where the most flexibility may be discovered. DNA must happen upon successful methods by chance, with vast numbers of chances tipping the balance to successful discoveries. With human forethought we may enter a new dimension of hiding and discovery of hiding. This sounds like it might go into evil directions quite easily, but I suspect that in practice it doesn’t, and the simple proof is that of iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma games, which show that a specific type of positive behavior almost always wins the game. This is discussed at length in The Evolution of Cooperation: Revised Edition, by Robert Axelrod. Usually the defector, once observed as a person willing to be deceitful, is punished and shunned, and when given a bad reputation and shunned it is difficult to have successful social encounters. However, before we get to these human problems it will be easier to deal with natural obscuring factors, and to explore DNA-driven competition for hiding.

Humans are still going to be the most interesting creatures.

Seeking the unknown unknowns – expanding the search

29 Friday Nov 2013

Posted by probaway in research

≈ 1 Comment

Tags

Review of the general process, The unknown unknowns.

The idea a few weeks ago was to search into Donald Rumsfeld’s famous quote about the unknown unknowns, and see what I could discover. It began with some considerations about camouflage, because that was within intentional control of human beings and therefore could be comprehended with human reasoning. These ideas were expanded by listing and exploring the various military techniques for hiding things with little cost, and generally involved surface decorations, while maintaining full functionality of the person or equipment.

When the search was expanded from military camouflage to natural camouflage used by plants and animals the whole field suddenly exploded in complexity. Vast multitudes of species were all constantly playing the game of eat and avoid being eaten, and within each of these species each individual was doing everything possible to survive. Not only playing the game constantly, but playing it in every conceivable location and situation where life could be sustained, even for a moment. Except for humans, none of these creatures was aware of its personal demise, but all were attempting to prevent personal injury while getting a meal and occasionally mating.

The end of this natural process is an infinitely vast number of adaptations in physical appearance on every perceptible physical level and of behavior. Perception and hiding have been carried to remarkable levels. The cuttlefish has carried personal camouflage to astonishing subtleties, and the mantis shrimp has developed an astonishing number of organs for perception. There are probably as yet unobserved by humans other ways of perceiving and hiding. That is what this search into the unknowns is attempting to provide: a search technique for discovering.

Discovery is the finding of things that are really there. 

Seeking the unknown unknowns behind walls.

28 Thursday Nov 2013

Posted by probaway in research

≈ 5 Comments

Tags

How to reach beyond walls., Seeking the knowable unknowns, Seeking the unknown but knowables, Walls to the unknown unknowns, What's behind the walls?

Seeking unknown unknowns behind walls is different from seeking through veils, or in fog. Walls are not only generally opaque, except for glass windows and holes, but are solid and require solid efforts to physically get beyond them. Fog is easy to pass through, but it is difficult to know where you are or where you are going because of a distance component into the unknown, so some type of stable referent is needed. Veils are easy to pass beyond certain points, but they tend to cling and prevent visual observation, even when moving beyond their original position, but permit tactile palpating when pressed through. Sometimes alternate wavelengths will penetrate a veil or fog or wall. Veils are thin; they are often cheap to put in place. Sometimes a veil or other seeming obstacle can be projected onto a veil, or wall or even fogs. Perhaps other ways of creating obscurity and perceiving beyond it are found in the fundamental factors of reality – time, space, matter and energy; another realm of obscurity is excess of complexity, or simplicity, or holes created by stretching or compressing. There are many things which impede observation and create obfuscation. At any point, or along a line, or within a solid, or within any dimension there are opportunities of splitting off into wholly new directions.


Crypsis – is a DNA-driven selected ability of an organism to avoid detection or sustained observation by other organisms.

A general list of crypsis #1:

  1. Nocturnality – using low light to become obscure
  2. Subterranean – living below ground avoids surface depredation
  3. Stillness – not moving lessens visibility
  4. Transparency – allowing light to pass through body
  5. Counter-shading – illuminated side made darker, shaded areas lighter
  6. Counter-shadowing – flattening to have edges blended into a surface
  7. Patchiness – breaking up larger silhouette outlines
  8. Patterning – making colors and shapes mimic background
  9. Mimicry – looking and acting like the background environment
  10. Flocking – creating confusion for predators by many random actions
  11. Herding – healthy members hiding behind slower moving sick ones
  12. Distance – getting far away from a predator’s habitat, migration
  13. Dead – appearing dead is unappetizing to some predators
  14. Deimatic – sudden faking behaviors and displays simulating threat

A subset of crypsis –
Wall – an opaque, tough single surface which impedes observation.

The wall subset of crypsis #1 is:

  1. Nocturnality – using low light to become obscure. Low light or other forms of low reflected or sensor energy for exploring complicates the search, and slows it, but does not prevent it. Perseverance furthers in low visibility situations. A wall implies total blockage, but it is unlikely to be in all dimensions.
  2. Subterranean – living below ground avoids surface depredation. A subterranean location is like considering the surface of the earth as a horizontal wall combined with thickness of fog. It is difficult to penetrate and it prevents visibility, but it may have various size tunnels, with surface portals.
  3. Stillness – not moving lessens visibility. Clinging to the back side of a wall would defeat scanning through the wall, unless it is a different material. Sound pulsed through the earth reveals different density objects.
  4. Transparency – allowing light to pass through a body. This functions well only in defeating the scan aimed at the specific material the object is being hidden within. In other surrounding media it is probably counterproductive and solid media may be expensive to create or simulate.
  5. Counter-shading – illuminated side made darker, shaded areas lighter. This functions with a specific direction of light, but is counterproductive when the illumination light is in another location. Behind an opaque wall it is wasted energy to generate unnecessary and unused camouflage.
  6. Counter-shadowing – flattening to have edges blended into a surface. Things pressed flat against an obscuring object like a wall don’t cast shadows, but with extreme raking light, or other raking media any raised surface is easily exposed.
  7. Patchiness – breaks up larger silhouette outlines. Patchiness can be used in all media for disrupting characteristic outline features, and behind a wall would add to its effectiveness for most scans. Walls with highly varied patches of different media would be difficult to see through with various media.
  8. Patterning – making colors and shapes mimic background. Doesn’t matter through a wall, but would give some existing cover when wall is penetrated.
  9. Mimicry – looking and acting like the background environment. Colors wouldn’t make much difference for hiding behind walls, but mimicking behavior of local items, on all possible dimensions, will give less visibility.
  10. Flocking – creating confusion for predators by many random actions. This is hiding in plain sight, but it generates confusion and hesitancy in searchers.
  11. Herding – healthy members hiding behind slower moving sick ones. Stronger members sacrificing weak ones, by exposing them, is a temporary save which empowers the predators.
  12. Distance – getting far away from a predator’s habitat, migration. If prey is too far away to reach distance doesn’t matter, but even poor walls will slow a predator and expose their presence.
  13. Dead – appearing dead is unappetizing to some predators. This is a desperate tactic, leaving no defense, and even behind a wall it may not work.
  14. Deimatic – sudden faking behaviors and displays simulating threat. When a predator comes round a wall a sudden faked aggression may give a moment’s respite, but instant retreat is needed.

The techniques for identifying an obscuring wall and penetrating it provide new techniques for revealing previously undiscovered but knowable unknowns. The techniques for hiding when behind an opaque wall are usually not needed, as the wall is sufficient to create obscurity. For purposes of finding unknown things within the unknowns, once an obscuring wall is passed there may be many previously unknown things which become visible. There wasn’t any need to be obscure, and no preparations were made for hiding; they were there all along to be discovered. These are the kinds of things that may have been available to every normal adult if only they had looked in the right place, or said the right words. The above forms of obscurity are enhanced by covering the body with natural surrounding materials, and pressing into the similarly sized repeated surrounding materials.

The unknowns seemed like a single subject to explore but they appear to be exploding.

Seeking the unknown unknowns behind veils.

26 Tuesday Nov 2013

Posted by probaway in research

≈ 3 Comments

Tags

How to see past veils., Searching for unknown unknowns, Seeking the unknowns behind veils, What's behind the veils?

Seeking the unknown unknowns behind veils is different from seeing through camouflage. Veils to the perception of reality can be naturally occurring, whereas camouflage is making things difficult to discover based on evolution of living forms by modification of DNA, or camouflage as done by humans as in covering of objects they do not want to be discovered by competitors, and recently as a gaudy fashion statement. A veil is a single obscuring surface layer which when it becomes difficult to penetrate is named a wall, and when particulate and diffuse is called fog. These different words emphasize different things about the obscuring factors, and these posts are a process of pulling apart these qualities. Camouflage is a more inclusive term as it includes human motivations and it can be more multidimensional in its obscuring and combine anything and everything.

Unknown objects may be close behind a veil or wall or distant from it, but things hidden in a fog can not be close or they are easily perceived. This post will build upon the observations posted in Seeking steps from the known knowns to the unknown unknowns. It will be modifying the sub-definitions from emphasizing crypsis, the DNA-driven selected ability of an organism to avoid detection or sustained observation by other organisms, to a veil, an opaque, sometimes tough single surface which impedes observation. Adding the dimension tough would seem to enhance a term like skin, which is tough and flexible, or shell which is tough and inflexible. I welcome these new aspects of the subject, because in exploring each of these aspects there may appear qualities of one which may not have formerly been applied to some other aspect of camouflage in its more general aspects, and that is what we are searching for. When we can perceive the obscuring factors clearly it will be easier to cope with them.


Crypsis – is a DNA-driven selected ability of an organism to avoid detection or sustained observation by other organisms.

A general list of crypsis #1:

  1. Nocturnality – using low light to become obscure
  2. Subterranean – living below ground avoids surface depredation
  3. Stillness – not moving lessens visibility
  4. Transparency – allowing light to pass through body
  5. Counter-shading – illuminated side made darker, shaded areas lighter
  6. Counter-shadowing – flattening to have edges blended into a surface
  7. Patchiness – breaking up larger silhouette outlines
  8. Patterning – making colors and shapes mimic background
  9. Mimicry – looking and acting like the background environment
  10. Flocking – creating confusion for predators by many random actions
  11. Herding – healthy members hiding behind slower moving sick ones
  12. Distance – getting far away from a predator’s habitat, migration
  13. Dead – appearing dead is unappetizing to some predators
  14. Deimatic – sudden faking behaviors and displays simulating threat

A subset of crypsis –
Veil – an opaque, tough single surface which impedes observation.

The veil subset of crypsis #1 is:

  1. Nocturnality – using low light to become obscure helps the veil be more obscure.
  2. Subterranean – living below ground avoids surface depredation. In this case the veil is the thick soil which covers the hidden object.
  3. Stillness – not moving lessens visibility. Things behind the veil are invisible and not aided by stillness directly, but they can be revealed by touching and moving the veil, perhaps with a natural gust of wind.
  4. Transparency – allowing light to pass through the body. If the object is behind the veil transparency wouldn’t change existing invisibility, but might help reveal or hide the object when the veil is penetrated.
  5. Counter-shading – illuminated side made darker, shaded areas lighter. Not much help if the veil is functioning as a surface, but is helpful if applied to solid objects. It becomes counter productive if the lighting direction is changed or made strong enough that a reflection is made off the object.
  6. Counter-shadowing – flattening to have edges blended into a surface. Counter-shadowing might be built into the visible side veils design. Flattening to a surface will work in any lighting situation.
  7. Patchiness – breaking up larger silhouette outlines. The veil is itself an obscuring agent and the patterning on the veil hides the veil itself.
  8. Patterning – making colors and shapes mimic background. This goes on the veil, and can be styled to the moment with its background, from a viewpoint.
  9. Mimicry – looking and acting like the background environment. The veil is intended to conceal the background, thus the mimicry would be of the background, but it includes behavior components like texture, shape and movement. Movement of physical mimicry might be seen though a semitransparent veil.
  10. Flocking – creating confusion for predators by many random actions. The members behind would be veiled by the confusing random actions of those near nearer the observer. Flocking is seen as an area chaos.
  11. Herding – healthy members hiding behind slower moving sick ones. Or the opposite, the hiding of any members behind the others. Predators watch for the most easily caught, which is generally the unobservant or weakest. Herding is seen as an edge of chaos.
  12. Distance – getting far away from a predator’s habitat, migration. Distance is a type of veil.
  13. Splitting – when flock is pursued, split into two, with the free individuals going directly away but back toward the other retreating flock members. Each time this happens the pursued prey becomes less to the point that a final chase is one on one and a capture isn’t worth the effort. With a team of aggressors this strategy might be defeated by surrounding the prey.
  14. Time – being elsewhere at critical times. “Absence of body is superior to presence of mind.” This behavior may require foresight, or learned experience.
  15. Dead – appearing dead is unappetizing to some predators. Being out of sight behind a veil can be compromised by other dimensions like smell, or response to movements.
  16. Deimatic – sudden faking behaviors and displays simulating threat; can be effective if an effective retreat can be quickly made, or distracting forces or distant distractions can be brought into play.

The goal of making nearly identical lists of various ways of creating camouflage, such as veils and fogs, is that some methods might be found that fit one category but not another. However, if something works in one dimension there is a chance that with modification it will work in another. The techniques discovered for penetrating a wall might be applicable to penetrating a veil, or fog, or time, or distance, or noise or layers of conversation.

Start looking for the unknown unknowns !

23 Saturday Nov 2013

Posted by probaway in research

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

Finding knowables in the unknown, Finding unknown ideas, Methods for searching the unknown

How can anyone start looking for the unknown unknowns? What can I or anyone say, except,”Watch for anything that is unusual and doesn’t fit a local environment.” Even though there have been in excess of one hundred billion people live on this earth, there are probably things which any of those people could have observed which would change our way of seeing the world. Chances are that once someone says one of these unknown unknowns that are perfectly knowable, then everyone will think, or say something like, “I knew that all along.” Isaac Newton’s laws are my favorite example. For every action there is an equal reaction. That is so simple a statement, and yet it changed the world, because it made inertia a real thing and it made it easy to compute how much force was needed to move objects. If something weighs twice as much as another object you must push twice as hard to get it to move a given distance. It is obvious, but when it is stated clearly it can be used for many more complex actions.

I suspect that many famous quotations have in them a kernel of the unknown unknowns buried in them, and that is why they carry weight. In reading A New Dictionary of Quotations on Historical Principles from Ancient and Modern Sources, by H. L. Mencken it becomes apparent that the quotations upon a given subject, which are arranged by date over the centuries, get clearer and more precise. When this process is happening, and consistently happening over thousands of years, it is a clear indicator that something even more profound is probably still there in the unknown to be revealed. All it takes is arranging a few words in just the right sequence to reveal the deeper idea.

There were old literary contests in the 1950’s offering prizes for saying something on a given topic in twenty-five words or less. It was an archaic precursor of Twitter and its limitation to 140 characters. Probably even that limiting format could be used to publish and distribute truly profound new revelations. If only you said just the right words.

I did some patent research several years ago, and discovered the same phenomenon of improvement with inventions; that is, some invention based on some obscure idea  kept getting better over the years. What was strange is that some of the patents that came out a hundred years later, and functioned much better, could have been proposed at the very beginning. One strange example of this is the symbol of terrorism, the spherical bomb with a fuse burning at the top. That was two hemispheres of molded lead held together by running a bolt through them from north to south. It was difficult to make, and didn’t contain the explosive powder very well, and thus didn’t function very well as a bomb. Nowadays the exact same type of bomb was used in the Boston Marathon bombing, but used standard home pressure cooker  pots for the container. Those can be bought at a thrift store for a couple of bucks, and will contain the explosion much better. But these are all simple pipe bombs which can be easily made from any standard plumbing pipe.

Unusual observations are difficult to remember because they have weak links to standard observation.

It is important to carry a notebook with you at all times to write down unusual observations.

Make the unknown unknowns into new and useful things.

22 Friday Nov 2013

Posted by probaway in research

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

Exploring for unknowns, Make unknown unknowns useful, Unknown unknowns

Seeking a general strategy for reaching for the unknown unknowns and making the finding of them useful.

  1. Watch for anything that is unusual and doesn’t fit a local environment.
  2. Seek and find nearby data points with similar characteristics.
  3. Seek trends and project them, and fill in the points between.
  4. Observe splitting points and study them in all dimensions.
  5. Approach and view the unusual things for similarities and differences.
  6. Apply alternate scan methods to discovered points, including nearby ones.
  7. View data and the things from as many alternate dimensions as possible.
  8. Generate alternate hypothesis’ of what might be there.
  9. Test validity of detected materials against hypothesis with different methods.
  10. Attempt to gestalt the various views into a grander observable coherent item.
  11. Create, sustain and destroy some data points and  re-gestalt the whole.
  12. Control the items behavior, and direct them into new behaviors.
  13. Find new uses for the controlled items behaviors.
  14. Present findings to colleagues and publish findings to the public.
  15. Ask for feedback, opinions and challenges to data, observing methods, theory.
  16. Combine item with existing things to make useful to the public.
  17. Check on possibilities of scaling up and mass production.
  18. Sell item through preëxisting channels.
  19. Find alternate uses for item, and support those who seek alternate uses.
  20. Remember the grander impact and prepare for environmental controls.
  21. Prepare for permanent disposal of worn out and discarded items.

Seeking to make the unknown unknowns into new and useful things.

Seeking steps from the known knowns to the unknown unknowns.

21 Thursday Nov 2013

Posted by probaway in research

≈ 3 Comments

Tags

Camouflage theory, List of camouflage techniques, Searching for unknown unknowns, Unknown unknowns

The apparent final word on wisdom was made by US Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld when he pondered over the unknown unknowns. He was worried about enemy plans, but the public loved his phrase “unknown unknowns”. What this series of posts is attempting to do is find a gradation, from the known knowns to the unknown unknowns, in an effort to better understand the obscuring factors associated with each step. If we are to search into the unknown unknowns of reality, and not get lost in the infinity of speculative unknowables, it seems reasonable to first create a general theory of what is preventing us from finding the knowable unknowns. In all likelihood there is a large number of now existing unknown knowables.

This quest isn’t the same as scientific exploration, as that process is generally limited to exploring the periphery of the known world, searching for aberrations to be fixed with better theories. Science is building on the known world by adding to well tested theories by challenging what is known with testable errors in the current working theory, and from the errors to refine a new theory to better fit what is known. It is feeling forward from the edge of the known, and not groping out into what appears to be the untestable unknown unknowns.

We need a method for getting past the obscuring things and finding the knowable unknowns. The first steps are to identify unusual things and verify that they really exist. These speculations seeking into the unknown unknowns to find knowable things residing at present within the unknown started with camouflage; but as that idea was explored it became apparent that even that generalized concept hadn’t been considered very deeply previously. Even though a brilliant and experienced man like Rumsfeld had spent billions of US dollars on military camouflage, there were obvious failures. The money went for such things as redesigning military personnel’s clothing to match the Iraq deserts instead of the Vietnam jungles. This new clothing it was said was designed after the soldiers were already in the field, but such an obvious mistake must have been misreporting. Hum? Even my quickly prepared list below goes far deeper than simply matching the camouflage to the background color. Let us consider first nature’s efforts at camouflage, a DNA-driven type of camouflage of perceptual reality: coloration and shape to background, hiding, distancing – visual, audio, behavioral  – It is followed with defensive/aggressive actions with weapons such as teeth, claws, and armor. Intelligent behavior, hiding by animals: such as freezing, flocking. There will be an order of seeking into the unknown unknowns.

  1. Detection of unusual data points in any realm obscuring factors
    1. Camouflage  ♥ making things difficult to discover (Hearts ♥ go to more links.)
    2. Crypsis – is a DNA-driven selected ability of an organism to avoid detection or sustained observation by other organisms.
      1. Nocturnality – using low light to become obscure
      2. Subterranean – living below ground avoids surface depredation
      3. Stillness – not moving lessens visibility
      4. Transparency – allowing light to pass through body
      5. Counter-shading – illuminated side made darker, shaded areas lighter
      6. Counter-shadowing – flattening to have edges blended into a surface
      7. Patchiness – breaks up larger silhouette outlines
      8. Patterning – making colors and shapes mimic background
      9. Mimicry – looking and acting like the background environment
      10. Flocking – creating confusion for predators by many random actions
      11. Herding – healthy members hiding behind slower moving sick ones
      12. Distance – getting far away from a predators habitat, migration
      13. Dead – appearing dead is unappetizing to some predators
      14. Deimatic – sudden faking behaviors and displays simulating threat
    3. Mimesis – DNA-driven mimicry pretending to be dangerous
      1. Batesian   ♥ a harmless mimic poses as harmful model
      2. Müllerian  ♥ two harmful species similarly advertise harmfulness
      3. Aposematism  ♥ multi-modal signal warning, bold, odors, colors, sounds
      4. Frequency-dependent selection – doesn’t outnumber its nasty model

      Those are some methods of camouflage, but a general theory which is going deeper into the unobserved is being pursued. I will go beyond natural DNA-driven Camouflages into the Veils, and Fogs and whatever else I can find. That is where the natural living unknowns might be found, but similar search strategies should reveal the unknowns in non-living realities such as mathematical, verbal and emotional. After those subjects obscuring what exists are reviewed, dissected and amplified, a more productive search into human-motivated deceit will be possible and should be more productive. It should be easy to take the theory beyond … Surface camouflage – military decoration camouflage

      1. Front – fabric patterns
      2. Embedded – ghillie suits of local materials
      3. Behind – positioning behind opaque objects

This is a huge subject so there will be much more to come. It will take time and effort!

What unknown unknowns should we avoid?

16 Saturday Nov 2013

Posted by probaway in research

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

Limits of the unknown unknowns, Searching the unknowns, Seeing phantoms

The potentially knowable but unknown unknowns are limited. They are probably vast in number, and yet they are limited. However, the nonexistent unknown unknowns are infinite in number. The act of postulating some impossible thing doesn’t make it available for use. Just because 90% of people believe in personal angels watching over their every action and protecting them from their personal devils doesn’t make them real or useful. Believing in nonexistent things doesn’t make the nonexistent things real.

When looking into the infinite fog of speculation, there are an infinite number of phantoms and a limited number of facts.

To some extent we cannot search without believing there may be something there to be found, but there must be some method to the search so that we may not waste the entirety of our time and energy. Also, make the search such that we know when we have not found anything. Of course, when we do find anything tangible then we should exert considerable effort to try to link it to other tangible things, but we should avoid phantoms which vanish when you try to grasp them.

We should avoid speculative ideas that are based solely on wishful thinking. We may search into the unknown, but when something isn’t working it is time to move on. Grip tenaciously when there is something there, but abandon the search and let go of nothing quickly when there isn’t.

Albert Einstein wrote – Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere.

That is a wonderful idea, by one of humanity’s most productive thinkers, because it emphasized that logical thinking is limited because it is based on known material. It only goes from one known place to some other known place that, if you follow the same logic, will always get you to exactly the same other place. It is going from one known to another known, so it isn’t saying anything that isn’t readily available to be known by someone who knows the logic. 1 + 1 = 2 was an important discovery when it was first made, but after that it is simple memorization for most people, like 12 times 12 equals 144. That number isn’t mentally computed each time it is said; it is a memorized thought. It’s a known known. Most people may not know what 12 times 13 is because they haven’t memorized that fact, but they would admit that it is a known known and just unknown to them at the moment. Any number multiplied by any other number provides us with a knowable number, it’s a known to be knowable number, a knowable unknown. This is known to be true even if then unknown number is a very obscure, very large number. It is the type of abstract reality that has an absolute abstract answer.

Physical reality isn’t necessarily the same as abstract reality; for example, one can look at smaller and smaller things through increasingly powerful microscopes, and other techniques, but there comes a smallness, called the Planck limit, beyond which things cease to be specific and are only random probabilities. Thus when we are seeking into unknowns we should be aware that sometimes we will be going into realms where things no longer have sharply defined answers on an individual trial, but are accurate with a very large number of trials.

In a similar way some pure speculations might sometimes come into the realm of highly probable on a large scale of trials, but still be unusual even rare events on an individual highly specific definition of time and place. We must be careful when reaching into the unknown unknowns not to grasp something too unusual. And when we grasp anything, even in the known world, to subject it to all the tests we can bring to bear to verify its characteristics. When in the world of the unknowns, and having only slight understanding, the multiple views in multiple dimensions and times may well reveal new qualities.

The unknown may be unknown but we won’t find it unless we look.

Seeing through camouflage into the unknown unknowns.

14 Thursday Nov 2013

Posted by probaway in research

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

Camouflage theory, Finding unknown ideas, Multi-scopic searching, Searching into the unknown unknowns, Seeing through camouflage

Camouflage is highly dependent upon the point of view of the viewer. Camouflage can be exposed with sufficient stereoscopic vision, movement of the object, or movement of the viewer which gives a different view or even better enhances stereoscopic vision, or by adding any other potential sense to the perception, such as other wavelengths of light, or of touch, smell, taste, radar, echo, shadow, inertia, startle, distraction or movement. Anything that adds additional, perhaps even seemingly unrelated factors which the brain can process helps see through the camouflage; to see the camouflage as separate from the object. If any tiny thing can be observed separate from the camouflage, when the camouflage in that observing dimension is removed, then that now visible thing can be more easily observed in the other dimensions. When that almost invisible observation can be added to almost invisible observations from some other point of view, or other observing dimension, the combination makes the target thing more visible. Multidimensional camouflage is more obscuring, but is harder to create than a single-surface camouflage like the colorful clothing patterns used by soldiers, and multidimensional camouflage requires multidimensional thought processes and efforts to create and maintain. When any part of the target can be seen, even if it is only an unrecognizable part, all of these obscuring factors can be seen through and adding a little more detail permits a Gestalt, an ah-ha, and the new target reality stands naked before our vision.

The term camouflage is generally limited to intentional obfuscation of some item by human actions, or with naturally living things as a selection-driven DNA adaptation to routinely encountered life-changing situations. As English doesn’t have a good general but unique word for a natural obscuring of information the word camouflage will be used in a more generalized abstract sense. The words veil, or obscure, or fog, or noise would usually be synonyms, but what is needed to be implied by our chosen term for this effect is that there need not be a human intent to conceal. For example, Isaac Newton’s laws were not intentionally camouflaged or intentionally hidden by anyone, or any positive feedback life process. Newton’s laws were there for everyone to use and comment upon, on a daily basis, but Newton made the veil transparent, and the underlying natural laws obvious. For every action there is an equal and opposite force of resistance, a reaction. Once the emotional and intentional qualities of the word camouflage are removed the term functions well. The term veil implies a single semitransparent surface, from which a single removal will make the obscured objects obvious, but that is rarely the case with unknown unknowns. The term fog would be better than veil because it implies a deeper and more continuous obscuring factor, but fog isn’t specific enough it’s too foggy, and sometime camouflage is a single surface, and sometimes it is only within the mind of the perceiver. By these subtitles of word use the standard military clothing would not be called camouflage but a veil, because it is only one layer; but a multi-layered ghillie suit could still be called camouflage.

Once the hidden object is perceived as the foreground-subject-of-attention to the brain, the gestalting process of the brain quickly fills in the whole gestalt of the object. What was not comprehended by any one sense suddenly becomes a coherent part of a whole, when combined with the others, and the now easily comprehended whole is easily perceived by each of the previously separated senses. This gestalting is the unconscious functioning of the brain, where it pulls together various levels of information into a pattern that the conscious mind comprehends.

Here is a practical concrete example: once the gestalting person has identified the previously hidden object the camouflage becomes counter-productive in the case of the camouflaged enemy soldier. The camouflaged soldier doesn’t realize he is no longer invisible, and the camouflage becomes an encumbrance which is itself visible, and not an obscuring device. From the moment the observer has gestalted the camouflage or the hidden soldier and his cohorts they become easily recognizable targets, and once observed they can be destroyed, or worse from the discovered enemy soldiers’ point of view, manipulated to other even more disastrous ends by being presented with attractive distractions. Thus, revealing a camouflaged item can be a great asset to the discoverer because it confers power well beyond the simple knowledge of existence of the item. It is similar to spying on the inner thoughts of an opponent, and thus gaining the ability to manipulate their thoughts and their actions. That ability may have implications well beyond a simple observation.

This form of perception from multiple conceptual vantage points can be called multi-scopic in that it scopes the intended target from multiple viewpoints. All of these viewpoints need not be visual, but can be any form of potentially revealing the target object. Even seeming unrelated or previously unavailable tests could be applied to the target, such as bumping the environment, or generating a gust of wind or observing more specifically the natural occurrences that would create alternate almost imperceptible changes in the target, except that these tiny disturbances could be timed for the effect and thus observed. When a new input is observed the various viewpoints for the brain to gestalt the effects then become available, and when that happens a considerable amount of previously undigested material will become meaningful information and all the information will suddenly become a coherent whole.

This gestalting process is probably what gives rise to what has been observed many times as the “ah-ha” moment. It is when a person struggling to comprehend a problem turns on an additional sensing system, and at that moment of a different view, a gestalt flash of insight instantly reveals the formerly hidden identity. It may happen so quickly that the additional mode of viewing isn’t even perceived as operating, but the item appears to suddenly reveal itself in all of its various dimensions. Once the item is gestalted it becomes easier to see again and again from different perspectives, and as the various views are combined and tested the subtle qualities of the new discovery become easy to see, and the potentially new and useful qualities become available.

It may seem impossible to know what is beyond the veil, the fog, the camouflage, but when we look at history and see that such simple and seemingly obvious things as Newton’s Laws were discovered after tens of billions of humans had lived, and even used the laws, we can reasonably assume there are other equally obvious things remaining to be discovered. This is why we should look into the foggy random noise of the unknown and watch for tiny observed sparks of apparent meaninglessness, and then apply all of the other modes of observation to that spark. When a second perception is found near there we must be prepared to ramp up the other tools to their focused intensity, and apply whatever is needed to get the moment of gestalting which gives the ability to generate a published abstraction which clearly shows to others what can be perceived, valued and used.

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